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Native Americans and other Indigenous People: Pre-Historic Americans, What the Rocks Say

This guide provides information and links to sources for information about the first human inhabitants of the Americas and their descendents.

Cultures known through their artifacts

Pre-Clovis Cultures

"Pre-Clovis occupation of the Americas identified by human fecal biomarkers in coprolites from Paisley Caves, Oregon"

Clovis Culture

Secrets in the Dirt: Uncovering the ancient people of Gault

Clovis: On the edge of a new understanding

The Hogeye Clovis Catch

Clovis Mammoth Butchery: The Lange/Ferguson site and associated bone tool technology

Folsom Culture

"Settling into the Country: Comparisons of Clovis and Folsom lithic networks in western North America shows increasing redundancy of stone tool use"

"Subsistence, Sex, and Cultural Transmission in Folsom Culture"

"Constructing the Cooper Model of Folsom Bison Kills on the Southern Plains"

"Why Fluted? Folsom Point Design and Adaptation"

"Badger Hole: Towards defining a Folsom bison hunting complex along the Beaver River, Oklahoma"

Plano Culture

Ancestral Pueblo Culture

Crucible of the Pueblos: The early Pueblo period in the northern Southwest

Color in the Ancestral Pueblo Southwest

Chaco Revisited: New research on the prehistory of Chaco Canyon, New Mexico

The Pueblo Bonito Mounds of Chaco Canyon: Material culture and fauna

Mogollon Culture

"Mogollon Fact Sheet." Archeology Southwest

"Mogollon." National Park Service

Hohokam Culture

Religion on the Rocks: Hohokam rock art, ritual space, and social transformation

Sending the Spirits Home: The archeology of Hohokam mortuary practices

"The 'Collapse' of the Cooperative Hohokam Irrigation in the Lower Salt River Valley"

"Hohokam Culture." National Park Service

"Cultural History of Southern Arizona: Hohokam". Arizona State Museum

"The Hohokam". Arizona Museum of Natural History

Woodland Culture

Early and Middle Woodland Landscapes of the Southeast

Garden Creek: The archeology of interaction in Middle Woodland Appalachia

Pinson Mounds: Middle Woodlands ceremonialism in the Midsouth

History in the Making: The archaeology of the Eastern Subarctic

The Swift Creek Gift: Vessel exchange on the Atlantic Coast

Transforming the Dead: Culturally modified bone in the prehistoric Midwest

The Woodland Southeast

Woodland Period Systematics in the Middle Ohio Valley

"The Woodland Period." Native History Association.